Planet condition and strength
Ishta and kashta phala in Vedic astrology
Updated
Ishta and kashta phala: how the API computes it
POST /v1/strength/vimshopaka returns both for the seven planets, in the phala field (VB-05). The two inputs, uchcha and cheshta, are the exaltation and motion strengths that POST /v1/shadbala uses. Ishta is the square root of their product.
Kashta is the square root of the product of what each falls short of 60. That is the formula in the classical text, BPHS. Some software prints the plain average of the two instead.
The API returns that figure too, in mean_rule, so you can match either one. An input above 60 is first capped at 60, and capped says when that happened. For John Doe, the Sun's ishta phala is 37.74 and its kashta phala is 0.
The plain average would give 41.87 and 18.13. Rahu and Ketu are left out, since shadbala covers only the seven planets.
Get it from the API
POST /v1/strength/vimshopaka
# John Doe, born Aug 15, 1990, 10:30 AM, New York
curl -X POST "https://apiforastrology.com/api/astrology/v1/strength/vimshopaka" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ASTROLOGY_API_KEY" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"year":1990,"month":8,"day":15,"hour":10,"minute":30,"second":0,"latitude":40.7128,"longitude":-74.006,"timezone":"America/New_York"}'{
"grahas": {
"Sun": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 14.3,
"saptavarga": 14.9,
"dashavarga": 16.12,
"shodashavarga": 15.62
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 23.74,
"cheshta": 95.86,
"ishta": 37.74,
"kashta": 0,
"capped": true,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 41.87,
"kashta": 18.13
}
}
},
"Moon": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 13.25,
"saptavarga": 13.57,
"dashavarga": 14.85,
"shodashavarga": 15.33
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 52.81,
"cheshta": 21.4,
"ishta": 33.62,
"kashta": 16.66,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 37.11,
"kashta": 22.89
}
}
},
"Venus": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 13.4,
"saptavarga": 13.2,
"dashavarga": 13.57,
"shodashavarga": 13.25
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 26.22,
"cheshta": 10.46,
"ishta": 16.56,
"kashta": 40.91,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 18.34,
"kashta": 41.66
}
}
},
"Jupiter": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 14.8,
"saptavarga": 13.62,
"dashavarga": 13.38,
"shodashavarga": 13.85
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 59.77,
"cheshta": 8.89,
"ishta": 23.05,
"kashta": 3.43,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 34.33,
"kashta": 25.67
}
}
},
"Mercury": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 12.45,
"saptavarga": 11.9,
"dashavarga": 11.65,
"shodashavarga": 12.28
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Taurus",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 53.58,
"cheshta": 40.71,
"ishta": 46.7,
"kashta": 11.13,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 47.14,
"kashta": 12.86
}
}
},
"Mars": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 18.45,
"saptavarga": 17.98,
"dashavarga": 16.55,
"shodashavarga": 16.05
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "great_friend",
"points": 18
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "friend",
"points": 15
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 30.1,
"cheshta": 39.52,
"ishta": 34.49,
"kashta": 24.75,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 34.81,
"kashta": 25.19
}
}
},
"Saturn": {
"vimshopaka": {
"shadvarga": 6.35,
"saptavarga": 6.88,
"dashavarga": 7.55,
"shodashavarga": 8.32
},
"vargas": {
"D1": {
"sign": "Sagittarius",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D2": {
"sign": "Cancer",
"lord": "Moon",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D3": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D4": {
"sign": "Virgo",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D7": {
"sign": "Gemini",
"lord": "Mercury",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D9": {
"sign": "Scorpio",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D10": {
"sign": "Leo",
"lord": "Sun",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D12": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D16": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D20": {
"sign": "Capricorn",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D24": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
},
"D27": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D30": {
"sign": "Libra",
"lord": "Venus",
"grade": "neutral",
"points": 10
},
"D40": {
"sign": "Aquarius",
"lord": "Saturn",
"grade": "own",
"points": 20
},
"D45": {
"sign": "Pisces",
"lord": "Jupiter",
"grade": "enemy",
"points": 7
},
"D60": {
"sign": "Aries",
"lord": "Mars",
"grade": "great_enemy",
"points": 5
}
},
"phala": {
"uchcha": 37.96,
"cheshta": 48.7,
"ishta": 43,
"kashta": 15.78,
"capped": false,
"mean_rule": {
"ishta": 43.33,
"kashta": 16.67
}
}
}
},
"maitri": {
"Sun": {
"Moon": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
}
},
"Moon": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
}
},
"Venus": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Moon": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "neutral"
}
},
"Jupiter": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Moon": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
}
},
"Mercury": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Moon": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
}
},
"Mars": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Moon": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "friend"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "friend",
"compound": "great_friend"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Saturn": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
}
},
"Saturn": {
"Sun": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Moon": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
},
"Venus": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Jupiter": {
"natural": "neutral",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "enemy"
},
"Mercury": {
"natural": "friend",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "neutral"
},
"Mars": {
"natural": "enemy",
"temporal": "enemy",
"compound": "great_enemy"
}
}
},
"scale": {
"vimshopaka": 20,
"phala": 60
},
"weights": {
"shadvarga": {
"D1": 6,
"D2": 2,
"D3": 4,
"D9": 5,
"D12": 2,
"D30": 1
},
"saptavarga": {
"D1": 5,
"D2": 2,
"D3": 3,
"D7": 2.5,
"D9": 4.5,
"D12": 2,
"D30": 1
},
"dashavarga": {
"D1": 3,
"D2": 1.5,
"D3": 1.5,
"D7": 1.5,
"D9": 1.5,
"D10": 1.5,
"D12": 1.5,
"D16": 1.5,
"D30": 1.5,
"D60": 5
},
"shodashavarga": {
"D1": 3.5,
"D2": 1,
"D3": 1,
"D4": 0.5,
"D7": 0.5,
"D9": 3,
"D10": 0.5,
"D12": 0.5,
"D16": 2,
"D20": 0.5,
"D24": 0.5,
"D27": 0.5,
"D30": 1,
"D40": 0.5,
"D45": 0.5,
"D60": 4
}
},
"points": {
"own": 20,
"great_friend": 18,
"friend": 15,
"neutral": 10,
"enemy": 7,
"great_enemy": 5
},
"not_computed": [
{
"component": "vimshopaka.nodes",
"reason": "Rahu and Ketu have no natural friendship in the classical scheme, so there is no compound relation to grade them by. They are left out rather than given an invented table."
},
{
"component": "phala.nodes",
"reason": "ishta and kashta phala are read from uchcha and cheshta bala, which are computed for the seven grahas only."
}
],
"basis": {
"vimshopaka": "BPHS ch. 7: per-varga weights summing to 20. The graha earns all 20 twentieths of the weight in its own sign. It earns 18, 15, 10, 7 or 5 twentieths as the sign's lord is its great friend, friend, neutral, enemy or great enemy. Friendship…",
"phala": "BPHS ch. 29: ishta = sqrt(uchcha x cheshta), kashta = sqrt((60 - uchcha) x (60 - cheshta)), from the uchcha and cheshta bala of /v1/shadbala. The Sun's cheshta is its doubled ayana bala and is capped at 60 here. `mean_rule` is the…",
"maitri": "natural from the classical friendship table. Temporal from the rasi: the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th and 12th from a graha are its friends. Compound is the two combined. Read row to column: the row graha's view of the column graha."
},
"meta": {
"ayanamsa": "lahiri",
"ayanamsa_value": 23.7260727,
"julian_day": 2448119.10483,
"ephemeris": "JPL DE440s",
"node": "true",
"timezone": {
"source": "zone",
"offset_hours": -4,
"zone": "America/New_York",
"abbreviation": "EDT",
"dst": true,
"dst_hours": 1,
"ambiguous_resolved_by_fold": null,
"note": "read from the IANA tz database at this instant, so daylight saving and historical offset changes are included"
}
}
}Where the API returns it
| POST | /v1/strength/vimshopaka | Divisional-chart strength, ishta and kashta phala, and planet friendships |
What the API reference says
Each line is quoted from the reference page of the endpoint named above it.
- POST /v1/strength/vimshopaka · Divisional-chart strength, ishta and kashta phala, and planet friendshipsIshta and kashta phala are how much good and how much harm a planet is able to give, each out of 60.
- POST /v1/strength/vimshopaka · Divisional-chart strength, ishta and kashta phala, and planet friendshipsIshta is the square root of their product.
- POST /v1/strength/vimshopaka · Divisional-chart strength, ishta and kashta phala, and planet friendshipsKashta is the square root of the product of what each falls short of 60.
Feature page: Planetary strength. Who uses it: Astrologer consultation platforms. The classical rules the API follows are in the rulebook.
How we check the numbers
Every value here starts from planet positions worked out from NASA JPL planet data (DE440). We test them against NASA JPL Horizons, NASA's planet position service. On 25,571 positions from 1850 to 2149, the Sun and planets agree within 0.001 arc seconds. The Moon agrees within 0.011. On 2,000 random birth charts, the rising sign agrees with Swiss Ephemeris within 0.004 arc seconds. An arc second is 1/3,600 of a degree. A practicing astrologer reviews the rules behind these answers. See how we test.
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John Doe, New York
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